Doesn't really matter how deep the snow is, (It's kinda like swimming in a lake, doesn't matter how deep the water is, you're only using the top of it anyway)
The best floatation will come with the most surface area, be it Argo Rubber Tracks, Buldoc's, or Adair Snow Tracks. I'm not sure which has the greatest surface area, but it may be the 20" Buldoc Tracks. I think I heard once that you can go up to 24" wide with the Adair, so you might want to check with Adair Argo on that.
You're right, it is exactly about how much you sink in it. Surface area matters but isn't 100% as important as you might think. Snow is not able to work it's way between all the cracks and crevices like water would. The snow compresses while attempting to do this. Some snow conditions more-so than others. Good example is snow shoes, they're not 100% solid surface. Open tracks do great as long as they are wide enough. It's all a balance as some conditions require taller traction lugs (rubber) or cleats (UHMW/steel). Some sinking is okay if it allows your traction devices to "engage." Just depends on how much sinking your machine can tolerate before it's dragging... tire size and belly clearance become factors. This is where 25" tires and belly clearance have an advantage as they can sink a bit more and still perform very well. A smaller tired machine with less belly clearance might benefit from a track that allows less sinking.
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